Water efficiency entails minimizing water consumption in various activities without compromising comfort or functionality. This module focuses on the planning and design of water management systems for buildings. The module encompasses strategies to reduce water usage through the adoption of certified water-efficient fixtures following the Uniform Illustrated Plumbing Code of India. Additionally, the module delves into the detailed exploration of rainwater harvesting as a vital measure to address water crises. The significance of water metering, its types, and contemporary trends are elucidated. The final segment covers the treatment of wastewater, the reuse of treated water, and achieving water efficiency in landscaping through the implementation of effective irrigation techniques.

The module commences with the concept of an environmental footprint and its implications on the global environment due to generated waste. This waste management module provides valuable insights into the generation of waste in buildings, its treatment, and secure disposal. Initially, we examine the diverse types of waste and various treatment methodologies, including processes such as converting waste into energy and resource recovery. Given that the nature of generated waste varies depending on the building's purpose, our focus extends to waste management strategies tailored for healthcare facilities and mixed-use residential and commercial buildings. The comprehensive waste management approach encompasses the identification of waste types, segregation practices, in-house transportation systems, storage methods, treatment processes, reuse initiatives, and proper disposal methods.

Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste involves a diverse array of materials arising from construction activities, such as concrete, wood, metals, and others, which must be handled separately. This module on construction and demolition waste management offers a perspective on sustainable practices for handling C&D waste. It will cover the composition, measurement, processing techniques, and regulations associated with C&D waste management. The module will emphasize the adoption of a circular economy approach to enhance resource efficiency and minimize environmental repercussions. Additionally, we will explore case studies showcasing C&D waste management strategies that promote sustainable practices within the construction industry.